[wt__]

(as a PHP web developer...)

This is interesting, though of course it's only a partial picture: it doesn't talk about database optimisation or caching, and most of web development efficiencies for large sites are from things improving your table indexes, caching or periodically generating frequently consulted output etc.

Also (personal opinion) I think people often over-engineer projects which might sit comfortably on a single box, and of course that contributes to overall energy use.

Finally, this is all for the birds if everyone remains obsessed with mining crypto, training AI models and watching videos when reading a bit of text would do.