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by scoot 893 days ago
Historically tape, but in practice these days it means "not on the same storage as your production data". For example in addition to a snapshot on your production system (rapid point in time recovery if the data is hosed), a local copy on deduplicated storage (recovery if the production volume is hosed), and an offsite copy derived from replicated deltas (disaster recovery if your site is hosed).

The same principle can be applied to cloud hosted workloads.

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As an example, for postgres, we have:

Backups on a pgbackrest node directly next to the postgres cluster. This way, if the an application figures a good migration would include TRUNCATE and DROP TABLE or terrible UPDATEs, a restore can be done in some 30 - 60 minutes for the larger systems.

This dataset is pushed to an archive server at the same hoster. This way, if e.g. all our VMs die because someone made a bad change in terraform, we can relatively quickly restore the pgbackrest dataset from the morning of that day, usually in an hour or two .

And this archive server is mirrored by and is mirroring some archive servers at different hosters entirely, also geographically far apart. This way, even if a hoster cuts a contract right now without warning we'd lose at most 24 hours of archives, which can be up to 48 hours of data (excluding things like offsite replication for important data sets).