[tubs]

All of these are jit by the driver in the end though?

[cloudhan]

Not exactly, both cl and glsl can be aot, but the runtime will be limited to some newer version and then the market coverage will be niche, those vendor are so lazy on updating the driver and fixing the compiler bugs...

[tubs]

Having worked for a few of those lazy vendors, the aot usually just ends up being bitcode which is fully jitted later.