While we're being absurd, are there any open source/copyleft licences that specifically forbid uses in war or weapons? I guess the gov will do whatever they want, but it would be interesting to see how it played out.
There are, but neither the FSF nor OSI support them. Those provisions go against OSI's rule 6 and FSF's rule 0. Both believe free software and open source software licenses should allow the software to be used openly by anyone. On the other hand, breaking software licenses is fair game in war.
The HGPL-4 states that all systems using covered source code must be programmed to attack those who would threaten our software freedoms. It's in the "paradox of tolerance" clause. See also: Creative Commons BY-NC-ID (ideological derivative) which allows noncommercial remixes with attribution, but not in works that promote copyright.
US companies. One example is Motorola Solutions Inc.
All of their new handheld radios run linux on the inside and have been confirmed to run code under GPL.
Nothing has been released in the past decades.