[numpad0]

There are ways to upgrade existing buildings that makes more sense in taller buildings than small houses, which of course is government subsidized, so taller buildings in Japan are often safer. Or at least safe for the first one. Some says the exoskeleton approach[1] is ugly as hell, I think it's cyberpunk.

1: https://dailyportalz.jp/kiji/170113198541

[bamboozled]

I have never seen any of this in Joetsu or surrounding areas (very close to Ishikawa). Maybe you've spent most of your time in Tokyo?

[freetime2]

It’s a fairly common sight in Joetsu, particularly for government buildings. This company shows a list of seismic retrofitting projects that it has done in Joetsu, for example:

https://www.sato-san.jp/works/list.php?cat_id=11

There are also subsidies and financing available in Niigata prefecture for seismic retrofitting wooden homes built before 1981:

https://www.pref.niigata.lg.jp/sec/jutaku/1356814927041.html

For sure though there are many homes in the area that have never been retrofitted.