[flir]

Raise living standards, decrease child mortality and wait two generations.

It worked for the first world.

(This is, as I understand it, a very basic summary of Bill Gates' approach).

[vidarh]

It's working everywhere. India dropped below replacement fertility a couple of years ago. The only part of the world left with above replacement growth is sub-Saharan Africa, and even the very highest, like Niger, has seen substantial drops in fertility rates.

If anything we're a few decades away from a rising panic about increasing them again.