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The implied context here is that you'd forgo the usual tests, because the alternative is to send nothing to Mars.

According to Wikipedia they could have stretched those 2 weeks to around 3 weeks, but after that they'd have missed the launch window.

The usual processes are there to have a near-certainty of a working rover, but under these circumstances I'd think they'd just YOLO it and hope for the best.

But that assumes they've got spare electrical components, or alternatively a better use for the booster sitting on the pad than such an improvised mission.