[lispm]

Generally Common Lisp is agnostic to the development style. For production, there are also batch compiler. Image saving/starting is also not supported by all implementations (not supported for example in ECL and ABCL).

In early Lisp I would guess it was more often to save an image. There is one system which works mostly like Smalltalk: Interlisp-D, now called Medley. https://interlisp.org It also manages the code, in some ways similar to Smalltalk. Interlisp was provided by Xerox PARC, like Smalltalk. It originates from BBN Lisp, from the 60s.

Other than that, most Lisp systems store code in the file system.

> its not unreasonable to have someone ship a "ball of mud"

That's also relatively common (!) in Lisp.

In Smalltalk we often see variants which can ship images and run them on different architectures. In Common Lisp images are mostly tied to a certain architecture & OS.