In theory, the answer is computable, but it probably doesn’t mean what you think it does.
A gigantic chunk of those transistors are just SRAM memory cells for various caches. The number of transistors used to actually implement the logic of the SoC is significantly smaller. I would be surprised if it was more than 5%.
The growth of this number between generations is also likely not very large. Most of the growth is also probably cache sizes.
It's a one liner in Virtuoso (hard IPs aside). I doubt anyone memorized the exact number but it's definitely not some unknown or hard to figure out quantity.
I don't think it's as exacting as you think. They build redundant functionality into the chips to meet QA specs. They expect parts of the chip to fail. The point is that it meets the overall specs.
A gigantic chunk of those transistors are just SRAM memory cells for various caches. The number of transistors used to actually implement the logic of the SoC is significantly smaller. I would be surprised if it was more than 5%.
The growth of this number between generations is also likely not very large. Most of the growth is also probably cache sizes.