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by zirkonit 962 days ago
If Apple, another big player in the BSD ecosystem, were to donate their December operating profit to open source, that'd be a game-changing $10 billion a year!

Shoutout to Tarsnap, who's already doing awesome stuff like this.

5 comments

You know GitHub sponsors is a broken experience when you find out GitHub only supports 7 people on their own platform https://github.com/github companies really need to fund their dependency tree…
GH could be doing more but they are also hosting open source, and closed source, repositories for free.
Not exactly for free nowdays since they teach their AIs on the repos.
Yes, that's still exactly for free.
Free doesn’t seem like a great name for situations in which profit is extracted from a user in a sort of nebulous fashion.
you could say the same thing about ad based businesses. how else is the company supposed to cover its costs if it has a free service?
Yes, perfect training grounds for your future “solo-pilot coding agent”.

Let’s not kid ourselves, by now we know that data is gold and we hand it to these corporations without ever getting paid for it.

One of the main reasons they can “incur losses” on co-pilot is not only future monopolization by market share but also by being provided endless amounts of golden data through usage.

So yes, hosting “social git” with some fancy UI and CI and spinning up GPUs (they will constantly need to ramp up on anyways) is peanuts in comparison to the upside.

Yes, open source developers as well as co-pilot users should get paid for their labour. Directly and by MSFT.

I recently learned that Kubernetes is running on a lot of free labour. The main draw and ever increasing underpinning for lots of services provided by the behemoth infrastructure entities…

GOOG, AMZN, MSFT really?

Software labor is so funny. Here we are, with software engineering salaries some of the highest of any profession in the US. While at the same time much of the most critical and commonly used software was written completely for free. It’s an interesting juxtaposition.
> While at the same time much of the most critical and commonly used software was written completely for free.

Obligatory:

* https://xkcd.com/2347/

That little block is curl.
I wonder if there's a license pegged to some meaningful metric (a hard problem unto itself), that prevents usage if the dev fund/devs are not compensated an X amount in a specified interval.

Something like an SOS License.

    Support Open Source

    ...

    All development on this project will cease to exist if dev fund does not meet "DOL Software Dev CPI adjusted Blah Blah Salary" * Number of active/approved devs.

    Bugfixes will stop if dev fund falls below Y amount or something

    ...

Just some half baked thoughts, many conditions can be added or removed depending on the project structure/goals, but the underlying thought would be that Devs Get Paid is a key requirement in there somewhere.

Lots to consider here, but it's weird that no popular licenses have this as a clause in there - almost like it's frowned upon to ask for money?

> I recently learned that Kubernetes is running on a lot of free labour.

Not sure what is your source for that? At a quick glance most contributions come from Red Hat, Google, VmWare, Microsoft, Amazon. Lot of independent contributions are done independently but as part of employment, which I guess is not free labour?

I think you are confused here because kubernetes is heavily subsidized but the kubernetes providers:

- https://k8s.devstats.cncf.io/d/9/companies-table?orgId=1

It is opensource so there is still a lot of volunteer work going on there but the infrastructure (CI/CD, image hosting, etc) is also paid for by corporations and not by the community. Its millions of dollars a year in contributions.

i wouldn't really call $400k/year in total "heavily subsidized", that's around the all in cost of a single developer at one of these sponsoring companies
Almost all of the top Kubernetes contributors work for Kubernetes service providers...?
> github is sponsoring 7 organizations and maintainers and has sponsored 958 in the past

Looking at the dates, it seems they sponsor a few people each month? Or some variation of that.

Even donating an (averaged out) hour of December profits would yield $13.44 million, based on your 10 billion number.

10^10 / 31 / 24 / 10^6

To beat Sentry's 500k, they'd need to spend about 2 minutes and 20 seconds worth of December profit.

Don't they basically fund a huge chunk of LLVM?
Shareholders will boot Tim Cook if he even thinks of that..
Depends. Giving $1m to free open source is “bad” but hiring 4 engineers and have them write core code and then open source that is good. Microsoft basically does this (more than 4 of course)
Giving $1m, maybe, giving $10bn, yeah, they'd definitely boot him.
> Giving $1m to free open source is “bad” but hiring 4 engineers and have them write core code and then open source that is good. Microsoft basically does this (more than 4 of course)

Apple bought CUPS (printing) and now owns it and hired the original developer (who left at some point):

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUPS

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Sweet_(programmer)

They ought to hire him back. When I upgrade my Macbook Pro to Monterey, it no longer prints to my Canon D530 printer. I have to copy files to a 10.6.8 Snow Leopard Mac Mini and then send them to the printer. Yay progress!
Because you pseudo control the direction of the projects by having people contribute full time
Which is why seldom good ever happens in the land of profit-driven business.
How can you say something like this with a straight face? There are millions of examples of "good" that have come from the products and services for-profit companies produce.
Applies relies more on open source than most other businesses. Ensuring its sustainability is essential. Such a case can be made
They have tens of thousands of workers. They ensure the sustainability of what they need and I bet they give back the bare minimum to abide by the laws. Apple is famous for benefiting much more than contributing to FOSS.
Apple are also infamous for making terrible software (iTunes put of off even looking at Mac for a decade and a half) so it might actually be a good thing..
>> Shareholders will boot Tim Cook if he even thinks of that..

> Which is why seldom good ever happens in the land of profit-driven business.

Many responses disagree with this comment. My knee-jerk reaction is the same.

OTOH, there is truth to the comment in that many examples of "good" are examples in which a business is driven by vision or value, not by profit first.

Bell Labs anyone? You know the for profit division of a company that more or less created modern computing? then was destroyed by government actions
The history of computing is intimately tied with government investment and academic research. Hence ARPAnet and ALOHA. The impetus for world changing innovation tends to come from governments trying to improve things that are structurally inefficient.
Let's take a look at where the exponential growth of technology kicked off, and when the first actually almost-free-market began. Hmm. Quite a strong correlation.
Is there even a free market today? Has there ever been? Just looking at telecoms, it is clear that they're monopolists.
Xerox PARC, as well.

Sadly, they are both extinct beasties, these days...

That is just an outright lie. Even most of the open source stuff I'm going to assume you are thinking of could never have existed without adjecent profit-driven ecosystems.

Profit drives innovation, and more importantly makes technology accessible at scale. Do you think most of the world would have access to washing machines (which are of ridiculous utility, especially when you factor in their price with profit margins and all!) if it were not for some schmuck wanting to line his or hers of pocket? Because it would not.

At its heart, capitalism is a (greedy) solution to a planet-scale resource allocation problem, and there are no viable alternatives (give or take some modifications/variations).

Tl;dr: Economics 101.

> Profit drives innovation

Yeah, like US cable and telco companies like to remind you every time they do an anticompetitive move.

>like US cable and telco companies like to remind you every time they do an anticompetitive move.

And despite that, who is helping move the telco world forward? Pointing to one mediocre example is certainly not proof that profit doesn't drive innovation.

...which is a problem caused by regulatory red tape, guarding a few companies from competition isn't it?
No red tape needed, when comcast temporarely lowers their rates anywhere a new provider is trying to gain ground. Even the threat of doing that is enough to stop most attempts dead in their tracks.
Competition drives innovation in pursuit of greater profit. Profit itself drives nothing, which is why anticompetitive markets always stagnate.
This is like the nursery rhyme version of economics we tell to freshmen. The truth is pretty far from this.

My personal take is that in practice most of the innovation we see in tech comes from the universities. E.g. the tech in search engines, smart phones, the internet, LLMs and AI etc.

The tech is then, in practice, given to the private sector. There the profit motive is used to commercialize rather than innovate.

Commercialization does often require some innovation around the edges, which companies often get by hiring talent from academia.

I realize this is unlikely to be a super popular opinion for some HN readers. But to me it's the one most defensible by evidence.

>>The tech is then, in practice, given to the private sector.

100% false, normally the people that created the tech while in university are the ones that create the business using the test (see facebook, google, etc), it is their tech to begin with it was not given to them

In most cases the University is also either paid a fee, or is part owner in the company as a startup, cashing out when funding starts.

Nothing is "given away"

now I personally think anything developed using Government Grants should be Public domain, non-patentable, non-copyright, 100% public domain, but ....

The technologies I mentioned were all developed by dozens or hundreds of people over the course of decades. Statistically, P(you become a founder | you helped invent the tech) is basically 0. Although you are probably right that P(you helped invent the tech | you are a founder) may be nonzero.
"(...) nursery rhyme (...)" is a nice way of not addressing what was said. Good for you.

Yes, a lot of discoveries (not "most innovation", but besides the point!) happens at Universities. But so what? Universities are either for-profit themselves, or they are financed through taxes which depends on the profitability of businesses in the economy which they exist in and contribute to. And like a sibling comment pointed out: Researchers are often the ones commercializing a discovery. Moreover, I specifically stated that "[the commercializing actor] makes technology accessible at scale."

Your statement that "the profit motive is used to commercialize rather than innovate" is a half-truth, because the profit motive is very much present once you consider more than the first-order effects.

I 100% agree that commercialization of new techology (again, innovation is a lot more than bleeding-edge research) e.g., search engines, smart phones, the internet, LLMs and AI, is optimally done through some kind of interaction between univiersities and commercial actors – but to the mutual benefit of a spiderweb of stakeholders affiliated with both academia and commercial actors, and not some quasi-altruistic act of sacrifice on the part of the university.

People aren’t just motivated by profit, but those urges are marginalised by the current system.
You should realize that the second part of your claim is just a postmodernist mantra (written to sound fine, links to reality skipped). In observable world one needs better economy to contribute more time to not-for-profit activities. While each, and every attempt to destroy evolutional capitalism to replace it with revolutional whatever "non-gready" model consistently lead to notable worsening of economy.
Worsening of economy by what measure? The argument is circular if you're saying "less profit is made in economic setups which encourage not-for-profit activity". It hardly seems like a reasonable criticism.

More interesting is what people would achieve if their time wasn't dedicated to profit seeking. The measure of success then may be the subjective usefulness of someone's contributions. It is a big subject but waving it away as you have isn't a satisfactory answer at all

Linux and git, probably the two most successful free software programs out there were both created by one person (the same person) WITHOUT relying on a "profit-driven ecosystem". His code made trillions of dollars but that wasn't what motivated him nor he got some % as those new kids (and their VC parents) joining FOSS wants to.
He could not have made Linux into what it is today without additional contributors, and many of those contributors have been in the employ of companies that use Linux.
Yeah so he helped create a system where contribution beats direct monetary benefit. Microsoft tried hard with hundreds of billions to prevent Linux success, the fact that it spends so much money on it nowadays proves that no amount of money could have stopped Linux success.
Linux and git were examples I was thinking of. He could still have made them, but most of their value relies on interactions with commercial offerings. Not to mention technology financed on the back of taxed profits. And their availability to regular people (notice how I talked about "making technology available at scale") would be diminished beyond belief.

But yes, people make the most incerdible stuff without being paid to do so.

I'm not motivated by cash. I'm very innovative (IMHO). I just like solving people's problems.

Alas, me having the business acumen of plankton means I'm easy calories for the vulture capitalists. Sigh.

> At its heart, capitalism is a (greedy) solution to a planet-scale resource allocation problem, and there are no viable alternatives (give or take some modifications/variations).

I am pretty certain we had economics for millenia before capitalism has emerged about three hundred years ago.

Do you mean greedy, as in the sense of a greedy algorithm? Because I don’t have a formal mathematical description for this, but it feels more ‘optimal’ than a purely greedy algorithm.

Local agent behaviour may be greedy, but this could still result in something approaching a global optimum - the economy could work like Ant Colony Optimisation in aggregate.

Isn’t this Adam Smith‘s theory?

You're asking the wrong person. "Greedy" is quoted from the grandparent comment, not the parent you're responding to.
No...

seldom good ever happens in ... the universe

Goodness is a human invention, and a rather young one at that.

Put the FOSS grants under the Marketing budget, call them "sponsorships" or "comarketing" or whatever. Corporations have a budgets for warm fuzzy stuff like that.
How about Apple "supporting" projects critical to its ecosystem? Correct framing will take care of objections.
You realize that people like retirees have parts of their savings invested in things like Apple stock?

So this is literally taking money that would otherwise go to grandma and giving it to open source.

Money that would go partially to hedge funds, sure. But money that's also partially going to grandmas.

How about you let individual shareholders themselves decide if they want to donate to open source personally, since the profit belongs to them? They can take their dividend and they can transfer it to open source. But not have Apple force them to.

I mean, I personally just don't like other people donating my things for me. And if I want to donate my money, maybe I want to donate it to something else like fighting poverty or disease?

It's awesome for a privately-owned two-person company to choose to donate to open source. It would not be cool for a publicly traded corporation to take a twelfth of the dividends I receive and send them to a charity that is not of my choosing.

Great! 55 year old+ have an average net worth of about a million dollars[1]. They can spare a few bucks for open source which they use to generate a huge pile of cash anyway.

[1] https://www.lexingtonlaw.com/blog/finance/average-net-worth-...

First of all, why don't you take a look at the median rather than the average.

Second -- if you're 65 your savings have got to last you for the next 20-30 years. Including often expensive nursing home care. Suddenly even a million bucks... isn't that much.

So no -- in general, they can't spare an entire twelfth of an investment. But more importantly, even if they want to, it should be up to them. Not somebody deciding for them.

> But more importantly, even if they want to, it should be up to them. Not somebody deciding for them.

They can decide to move their money out of Apple whenever they like...?

No they couldn't.

Because the moment Apple announced that they were going to implement a policy like that, the value of the stock would drop by a twelfth. Instantly.

So by the time you found out about it, the damage would be done.

But you're missing the bigger picture anyways: business is business and charity is charity. The job of publicly traded corporations is to make money, not to give to charity. Then individual people can take the money the business made, and give to the charities of their individual choosing.

Having to choose which stocks to invest in based on their charitable giving portfolios just mixes everything up. The profits are all the same in the end, but charitable giving decisions around those profits should be in the hands of individual people, not corporations.