This is not everyone-friendly answer, but Mutt does it. To the second point it's not even optional for composing. Unless you write/use some markdown to text/html.
Thunderbird has a very useful feature: simplified incoming html view. It strips remote images and js, while keeping the minimum to make messages readable.
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I really liked Mutt. I used it for one or two years, a long time ago.
You can pipe text/html to w3m/elinks to get the same results. Well, almost the same, some e-mails are not that well designed. I still love mutt, it's so rapid and it works almost the same when I first used it, over 20 years ago.
Responses can use plain text.
I really liked Mutt. I used it for one or two years, a long time ago.