[MattJ100]

They were doing their own TLS handshake - that's how the attack was discovered (the attacker presented a different certicate, which eventually expired, presumably due to negligence). They were decrypting and re-encrypting.

[KirillPanov]

Read it again:

> they would have to do their own client-side TLS handshake

By intercepting the STARTTLS port the attacker can merely decrypt -- rather than, as you wrote, decrypting and re-encrypting.

[fuzzy2]

This is not what the attackers did however. From the original article (not this one):

> Traffic dump on port 5222, the connection is hijacked on application level (L7), the server receives replaced ClientHello message from the client.

[MattJ100]

I don't know what jabber.ru's policy is, it's running a very old version of ejabberd. But you would be hard-pressed to find an XMPP server that would allow authentication without TLS. Starttls makes no difference.