It's kind of the opposite scenario (a mathematical result that people are widely skeptical of, but that could be correct), but this reminded me, I wonder what's going on with Mochizuki's proof of the ABC conjecture.
The proof situation is pretty much unchanged. The proof uses a very obscure branch of mathematics, so that few people are capable of a real critique. Those few have mostly said that it's not complete, but Mochizuki and a few others disagree.
It's kind of a philosophical question at this point about what actually comprises a valid proof, if other mathematicians can't make use of it.
So the conjecture is still mostly considered unproven. That could change at any point but there have been no real advances in some time.
This is an understatement. He developed a completely different branch of mathematics through papers that spanned hundreds of pages with very dense and very different ideas from mainstream mathematics.
If it was just slightly obscure, maybe all but half a dozen mathematicians in the world might be able to understand his work. As it stands, at it's best, his proof is so opaque that even the brightest (Scholze) can only kind of understand it. At it's worst, they've rightfully identified it as flawed and that even Mochizuki himself doesn't understand that it's wrong.
It's kind of a philosophical question at this point about what actually comprises a valid proof, if other mathematicians can't make use of it.
So the conjecture is still mostly considered unproven. That could change at any point but there have been no real advances in some time.