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by bigbillheck 1017 days ago
> How can they infer the blue fit from the (noisy) white points?

By having a detailed model, and modern probabilistic techniques:

The planet’s terminator is modelled as a plane-parallel atmosphere in hydrostatic equilibrium, with uniform chemical composition. The chemical abundances and pressure-temperature (P-T) profile are free parameters in the model. The retrieval framework follows a free chemistry approach, whereby the individual mixing ratio of each chemical species is a free parameter.... Our canonical model comprises of 22 free parameters overall: 11 corresponding to the individual mixing ra- tios of the above chemical species, 6 for the P-T profile, 4 for the clouds/hazes and 1 for the reference pressure Pref , defined as the pressure at a fixed planetary radius of 2.61 R⊕. The Bayesian inference and parameter estimation is conducted using the MultiNest nested sam- pling algorithm (Feroz et al. 2009) implemented through PyMultiNest.

(Sections 2.4 and 3.1 from https://stsci-opo.org/STScI-01HA2G716KS9YGAGVY1WBVFJ8Y.pdf)

> And even if there is a detection, it looks like many other models could potentially fit the data...

Name three.

2 comments

Can I help the GP?

In the paper they analyze 3 models, "no offset", "offset" and "offsetx2". It's strange that they get better fit for CO2 and CH3 en the "offsetx2" model, but in that model the DMS disappears. So there it at least one model.

Also, they analyze common molecules like CO2, CH4, H2O, NH3 and biologically interesting molecules like CH3-S-CH3 (DMS), HCN, CH3-Cl. From the discussion in the paper it looks like the CH3- part is important, so I'd like to see a brute force search with everything that is in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Titan and has a methyl group, like CH3-CCH, CH3-CN. My Chemistry and Astronomy is no so good, so I'd like to add CH3-OH, CH3-NH2, CH3-SH, CH3-CHO and a few more from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circu... I removed the ones that are big or has too many oxygen (like CH3-COOH).

what means planet's terminator?
The boundary between daytime and nighttime [0]

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(solar)