[zamalek]

Buildah, specifically after struggling with containerfiles/dockerfiles nonsense, entrenched beliefs that agree with the author of the article. Dockerfiles are just an obnoxiously limited DSL that make all the worst assumptions (especially concerning layering), while providing nearly no flexibility. Buildah (when not using buildah bud) lets you write a container build script in the scripting language of your choice - most likely bash - and puts you in charge of layering.

I mean, sure, you don't get that automagic in-between later reuse - but I've rarely come across a project that does the magic incantations to get that to work anyway. Rather delegate the rarely changing stuff to a base image, probably updating in CI.