[Scaevolus]

TIS-100 is certainly far up there in "nerdiest game" rankings, and I must offer Bombe as well, the only game I know of that embeds Z3: https://store.steampowered.com/app/2262930/Bombe/

[anta40]

I think Core War (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_War) is even nerdier, too bad there's no updated, polished implementation.

P.S: I'm also a big fan of Zachtronics games: TIS-100, Shenzen I/O etc etc