I don't know many (any?) people who are greenfielding just-JavaScript, though. If you're using JavaScript in anger, you should probably be using TypeScript, and now you've got a build step regardless.
Which is not a bad thing. Incremental builds have gotten much better and much easier to deal with.
There are still some frameworks that let you write fancy front-ends without a build-step and associated tooling. And there's people like me who prefer those since they meet our needs.
I use web components in a small project where I don't want a build step (it's plain HTML and I just use web components for re-usability instead of copy+pasting mark-up).
Which is not a bad thing. Incremental builds have gotten much better and much easier to deal with.