[letrowekwel]

At least in my country, there are three types of "labor shortages".

1. Pay and/or working conditions suck so much people aren't interested. Think of nurses, various staff (restaurant, cleaning etc) that are often employed through third-party companies that offer you limited hours on weekly basis.

2. Labor limited through artificial constraints on supply. Doctors are a good example of this here - doctors associations successfully lobby to keep medical school student intake low, which means lower supply and better pay for those who make it.

3. Positions that require just too much experience, knowledge or talent to be obtained simply through right education. Think of top senior software engineers for example.