[SkyBelow]

I'm assuming they mean the balance mechanism, and specifically what allows us to balance. How much is it the rider shifting their weight, how much is micro steering adjusts as we move forward, how much is the gyroscopic forces of the wheels, how much of it has to do with the angle of the handle bars to the wheel verse the center of weight.

That said, I'm guessing this one is well understood by experts, but more complex than someone would assume at first glance, and many who have some understanding likely have an incorrect or at least incomplete understanding of how balancing works.

[reaperman]

We have self-balancing bicycles. We clearly know it well enough to replace the human with a computerized machine.

Maybe we don’t know how humans use the bicycle but we know how bicycles balance, we can write programs to balance them physically.

0: https://youtu.be/Ya7iacmVjUM

1: https://youtu.be/2Z67NkvXIF4

[acters]

You are correct, a lot of forces are canceling out on the long term(instead of instantaneously) it can easily be manipulated into increasing periods of unbalance in one direction until a point is reached then a separate mechanism is used to force it to a balanced state. Conservation of energy is always in effect. Gyroscope effects that bike wheels can be added with other separate gyroscopes. Thus, a self righting bike. The effect called precession is understood well enough.

How a human is able to manipulate it is simply by using the force of gravity from shifting their weight(moving the center of gravity). However, the movement of the center of gravity has to be perpendicular to the wheels axle. The steeper the angle of attack the wheel has to the ground, there will need to be an exponential increase in distance to move the center of gravity. Once the wheel is parallel to the ground, there will be an undefined distance needed to move the center of gravity.

[BizarroLand]

I wonder what learning the specific system by which bikes are balanced would teach us about the world or human beings?

It's such a banal thing to be so fascinating.

[hinkley]

We don't know until we know.

The smart phone is the culmination of understanding a million facts about materials sciences (applied and theoretical), some of which were obvious, some of which were non-obvious. Starting from a transistor you could see from across the room down to ones you can't even see with a magnifying glass.

[doctorwho42]

It's the reason I got a degree in physics, if you have good professors - discussions like this cause you to break down the problem quite quickly in your head in a working model. Think force diagrams, but with a ton more math backing it up.

I actually find the ice skate a better example than a bike. We have all the physics solved for bikes, it's a complicated system but so is everything in motion. Hence we assume a spherical cow for the sake of the problem.

But ice skates... Now that's a funky one. Why do ice skates works? Ice skates aren't sharp bladed, they actually have flats. Ice is not slippery, it's when something is on ice in between our shoes and the ice that cause it to be slippery. Some people think it's the localized pressure of the blade that causes ice to locally melt. Hard to really wrap your head around. But it works :)

[jibe]

Ice skates aren't sharp bladed

Not sure how you meant that, but ice skates are sharp. Each edge of the blade is sharpened by grinding a hollow out of the center.

https://weekendwarriorshockey.com/how-sharp-should-my-skates...

[SkyBelow]

>We have all the physics solved for bikes, it's a complicated system but so is everything in motion. Hence we assume a spherical cow for the sake of the problem.

This depends upon the question one is trying to answer. If one is trying to create a bicycle that can self balance, that involves considering different factors compared to trying to determine why certain injuries result in a person losing the ability to balance on a bicycle while others do not. Is the focus the bicycle or the human?

[ezconnect]

I thought it was not just about ice skating but the question of why is ice very slippery is the hard part to explain.