[aeurielesn]

What would normally be the process to debunk a published paper? Simply publishing another paper debunking it in the same journal?

[Fomite]

Often journals will accept "letters" in some form or another if the criticism is brief, and do on occasion publish full papers addressing the shortcomings of another.

When that fails, usually one would try another journal or two, and after that it's usually some manner of blog posting and social media.