[jjav]

> the industry still vastly underestimates those variables?

Do they usually? I don't know, but curious.

My only experience with the construction industry was the construction of my house and those of a few friends where I was able to follow along.

The cost was exactly as estimated a year+ earlier and the timeline was pretty much spot on except for weather-induced delays (can't blame them for mother nature).

The people I've seen complain about cost/delay are also those who changed their minds in the middle about details, so of course it caused delays and cost.