I find the anthropomorphisms of "swallowed" and "ate" and "cheated death" so annoying that it's hard to read the article. I really wish science writers would tone this nonsense down. It gets in the way.
What would you prefer? The astrophysical process you’re referring to is called accretion [1]. It is a single word that covers many different situations that are all the result of the same underlying phenomenon: gravity.
NYT isn't the right place to read much these days. Just a bunch of old racist/transphobic neo-liberal trust fund babies writing nonsense. There are many more higher quality leftist oriented websites.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accretion_(astrophysics)