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> I wonder how the working paradigms and, importantly, the tools, got defined as they are.

Answer: The profit motive.

A cheap retort would be that the profit motive has produced so many great things as well. I am comfortable holding two contradicting ideas in my mind at once, but we need to be careful. The history of computer technology development, including all of its most groundbreaking technological discoveries, is overwhelmingly built on top of publicly funded research with no foreseeable path to profit at the time.

Humans are far more driven by the quest for love, justice, dignity, and discovery than profit. Until we reorganize our society accordingly, we can only expect our greatest accomplishments to be exploited and dismembered by the pursuit of profit.