Sure. Indian callcenters mostly target English-speaking countries (most notoriously the US, which is where Scammer Payback, Jim Browning and other scambaiters are as well), Turkish callcenters target German-speaking countries. Damages have been estimated to the tune of at least 100 million € a year in 2017 [1], a single gang that did get in front of a court in 2022 was suspected to have made over 120 million € [2]. Others don't just limit themselves to callcenter scams, they have "fake policemen" to physically take cash from victims [3].
[1] https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/telefonbetrug-wie-die...
[2] https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/hohe-haftstrafen-fuer...
[3] https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/bande-von-callcenter-be...