[williamcotton]

Yup, the US constitution, including all of the Bill of Rights, only started being incorporated after the 13th Amendment.

The 2nd wasn’t even incorporated until McDonald v Chicago in 2010.

I mean, Barron v Baltimore could not be more clear about this:

The third clause (of Section 9), for example, declares that "no bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed." No language can be more general; yet the demonstration is complete that it applies solely to the government of the United States.... the succeeding section, the avowed purpose of which is to restrain state legislation... declares that "no state shall pass any bill of attainder or ex post facto law.” This provision, then, of the ninth section, however comprehensive its language, contains no restriction on state legislation.