Think more on what the app does. It allows you to make calls. It needs access to the microphone.
But a user likely doesn't want to be forced to keep WhatsApp open as the front screen app while in a call. Maybe they want to open their e-mail or Calendar while in a call. That means the app needs to be able to use the microphone while running in the background.
Though I suppose you could argue that the app should not be allowed to start using the microphone while the app is in the background. Yes, I think that'd be quite reasonable.