[cloudedcordial]

In addition to for-profit companies, some non-profit research organizations and government agencies do formal verification research work. I encountered with some researchers from Formal Methods community over 15 years ago. Those folks worked for and with NASA, SRI International and Mitre Corporation.

In terms of how to get those roles, these folks worked on topics related to Formal Methods during their graduate studies. They got the positions from the connections. Those jobs could be niche. They weren't widely advertised like an SWE for a software company. Those organizations could be conservative and moving in a much slower pace than Silicon Valley software companies.

Some individuals stayed in those organizations for a long time. Depending on your nationality, working in those US organizations could be tough. The one worked for NASA left due to a policy change in the hiring policy for non-US citizens: They weren't an American. Despite the abrupt departure, they still joked from time to time that they worked for NASA.