I can speak for tcpdump and the answer is no. It only looks at the network interface. Something I often want to do is catch which process sent a few UDP packets. Netstat and ss won't catch it because it's too short of a time frame, and tcpdump doesn't contain any information about the kernel.
I've been using opensnitch which uses eBPF rules to track this information lately, but I'm looking for something more flexible.
I don't know what you mean by "flexible", but you could check if what we are building - Portmaster Privacy Suite - goes in that direction: https://safing.io/
pwru on the other hand is used to trace what the kernel is doing with your packets.