AFAIK, assert() is not undefined behavior, so it can't be used for optimization. It is either implementation-defined in debug mode, or does nothing in release mode.
For example:
assert(a >= 0);
if (a < 0) printf("a is negative");
In release mode, assert() will be gone, so the if/printf() will stay. If we used "if (a < 0) unreachable();" instead of assert(), it would optimize away both lines.
For example:
In release mode, assert() will be gone, so the if/printf() will stay. If we used "if (a < 0) unreachable();" instead of assert(), it would optimize away both lines.