[jlei523]

How do we make sure no country builds an underground nuclear weapon making facility?

I don't actually know the answer to the above question.

But at least for chip making, you need hundreds of different highly advanced technology suppliers and chemicals to make a chip. I would think that making an advanced chip making facility is actually much harder than nuclear weapons. Many countries have the ability to make nuclear weapons, but no one can compete with TSMC, Samsung, and Intel right now. Even then, all 3 rely on ASML machines.

That said, I suppose countries will slowly see the value in chip manufacturing and invest heavily into it in order to train more powerful AI models.

I'm not suggesting that this solution is perfect, but it does seem to buy us significantly more time.