Then you'll probably wind up using the same 3 or 4 glues for everything. Actually almost everyone will do that because few have a magnificent glue collection.
Super glue, shoe goo, and epoxy are going to give pretty good bonding for their use cases but are more toxic.
Hot glue and titebond III seem to be safe-ish(Hot glue doesn't exactly smell very healthy when you use it though!) But require technique and experience to use and know what stuff to not even try using them with.
And gorrilla tape is probably good enough half the time.
UV glue I just don't have any experience at all with, but it seems to be gaining popularity. Just don't use the nail polish and blast your hands with UV too much!
Mechanical fastening is usually least toxic and often stronger.
Paper or hemp cord willer or wrapping is often helpful.
But my favorite of all is to design things such that you're not putting lots of forces on a joint in the first place, then it's less important how you make said joint. Look at a basic ugly cinder block and scrap wood shelf. The load goes straight down compressing the blocks, gravity is doing most of the work here, so friction holds it together.