[candeira]

The failure mode of educational systems and institutions is to perform selection of students more likely to require less help in learning, rather than bear the burden of having to perform actual instruction.

Survivor bias takes care of promoting the educational system or institution with successful alumni, whether the alumni were taught while they were students, or merely selected during the application process.

[berjin]

A lot of qualifications serve as a very expensive proof of cognitive abilities. I guess it would be discrimination to just test IQ directly.