[alexisread]

I think they're missing some dimensions.

Namely mutability, side effects, formal verification ie. How equational / axiomatic a language is, how static/dynamic a language is (runtime typing etc), how concurrent, how scoped a language is eg. Red vs Koka.

All of the above have a massive influence on the structure and intent of a language.

[ahefner]

Red vs Koka?

[alexisread]

Sorry, I missed this question: Red (also Rebol) is dynamically scoped: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21964110/is-there-a-over...

Koka has to be lexically scoped, to cleanly handle effect types: https://koka-lang.github.io/koka/doc/book.html#sec-hello-wor...

There is a world of difference between these approaches, both in terms of the runtime/compiler support, and the real-world use cases.