I'm still missing an answer on how are we supposed to source all the minerals like lithium, copper, etc, without an increase in the usage of petrochemicals and keeping it carbon neutral.
The sodium-ion battery (NIB or SIB) is a type of rechargeable battery that uses sodium ions (Na+) as its charge carriers. Its working principle and cell construction are almost identical with those of lithium-ion battery (LIB) types, but replace lithium with sodium.
It looks like Nio is going to use solid-state batteries from 2024 onward. That seems pretty tangible to me. BMW and Ford are said to be working on integrating batteries of this type, too. No miracles necessary.