[foobar1962]

> If the event is cancelled, refunds are issued. Who pays that fee?

Insurance. The promotor would have insurance to cover this. If the event was cancelled due to a performer cancelling, the performer's insurance will pay.

All this puts up the price of insurance, which puts up the price of event tickets.

[latchkey]

Not all events have performers. My site was for people who participate in local bike races. They can’t afford insurance like this.

Again, events was just an example. This applies to all services like this.