I think historically people had a lot of bad intuitions about how effective non-composite indexes are in databases. That if I have an index for A and an index for B I should be able to do A & B and get a quick answer.
There's been a lot more educational material on composite indexes and in particular partial indexes and so I'm not sure if someone with 3 years' experience today can accurately judge a conversation talking about ten years ago.
If some field is referenced in WHERE clause, add an index for it.
If there are a few fields referenced in a single WHERE add a single index that includes all of them.
If you have index that has a, b, c then it is as if you also had indexes a, b and a.
If condition in WHERE is = put this field at the beginning of an index. If it's < (or similar) put it at the end. You'll get best results if you have none or only one < in your query.
There might be some important colums like say a “status” or a “date”, which are fundamental to a lot of queries.
Or you have colums X and Y being used frequently or importantly in where clauses together, then that’s a candidate for composite indexes.
Stuff like that.