[hopfenspergerj]

Obviously this improves interoperability and the handling of nulls and strings. My naïve understanding is that polars columns are immutable because that makes multiprocessing faster/easier. I’m assuming pandas will not change their api to make columns immutable, so they won’t be targeting multiprocessing like polars?

[kylebarron]

pandas added a copy-on-write API in 2.0, so under the hood the Arrow columns are still effectively immutable.

https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/dev/whatsnew/v2.0.0.html#copy...

[ZeroCool2u]

I think if anything pandas may get additional vectorized operations, but from what I understand Polars is almost completely Rust code under the hood, which makes multiprocessing much easier compared to dealing with all the extensions and marshaling of data back and forth between Python and C/C++ that pandas does.