[jks]

In Finland there are "kansanopisto" that are a little like the Swedish ones described in the article but with less resources. I spent my final year of upper secondary school at one of them (https://www.paivola.fi) which hosts a math enrichment programme, but that one is quite unique.

That particular institute got started in the late 1800s to educate farmers with an ideology similar to the Swedish system of the article, but by the 1990s it had mostly language courses. (Didn't get into university? Come study Spanish for a gap year, we'll make a trip to Spain at the end.) Currently in addition to the math programme they seem to teach several subjects with a kind of unofficial arrangement with universities. (Didn't make it to law school/psychology/teacher school? Come study exactly that for a year to improve your chances in the next admissions round, with some credit probably accepted toward your eventual university degree.)