[MoreSEMI]

I am not sure if you are opposed to the idea of localized damage. That is the best thing you can do as then one can control it far easier. It is much easier to test for emissions from on coal plant powering all the EVs on the road for example than the other scenario of testing each ICE vehicle.

As to externalities, no one said that there shouldn’t be taxes or rules in place that make sure that the consumers of lithium don’t internalize the cost.