I don’t care how much he was pushed. He’s the guy at the helm. Part of that lavish comp package should be the ability to say “we don’t need that many employees; that hiring is not in the best interests of investors/customers”.
There is consequence you may not consider. This company may not make it making the CEOs efforts worthless. I suspect many companies will not make it in this cycle.
Taking responsibiliy means you have work to do to correct the problem.
You spilled coffee on the table? Clean it up. That's your responsibility. It doesn't mean you need to be "punished".
In the case of layoffs, taking responsibility might mean having to face the public and the employees with the decision and having to endure the public shaming you, etc. All on behalf of the board and shareholders.