`XXY` is a valid combination of sex chromosomes. The person has two `X` chromosomes so is female. The person also has one `Y` chromosome so is male. Which sex is the person? Is it a birth defect?
XXY is Klinefelter syndrome. By definition it's a condition where boys and men are born with an extra X chromosome. Their sex is male because, also by definition, the presence of a Y chromosome means male.
Chromosomal abnormalities would be the modern term, it applies to both sexual as well as other chromosomal abnormalities like Down.
But to answer the question as asked: Yes, it fulfills the definition of the older term.