Note the first link is the official VSC repo, nothing in there should fail. Can you automate testing of every theme shipped with Code? That would seem to be a good first step.
It might also be helpful to expand your error messages more. Your audience is developers here. Even if I'm not a JSON genius I can still read an error message and try to fix things myself.
- Official Solarized Dark: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/blob/main/extensions/the...
- Better Solarized Dark: https://github.com/edheltzel/vscode-better-solarized/blob/ma...
- This one: https://github.com/braver/vscode-solarized/blob/master/theme...