[jareklupinski]

if a part started off costing 45 cents, it can't be too difficult to reproduce using transistors or similar components from competitors. re-certification for simple subsystems like that (or just using a competitor's chip) would still be less expensive than paying $100 per part on a SKU/car that you are producing 10,000+ units of. TI's 74AHCT595 is probably functionally similar to Nexperia's/NXP/Diodes Incorporated (digikey shows those 4 vendors for that chip)

there is also the option of the buyer just saying 'nope, not worth it', and cancelling the product line the chip was bound for, which would be worse for the chip manufacturer who just sunk millions into producing the part

it's an intricate balance :) regulatory bodies aren't fans of price gouging either, and might step in if the delta is actually that drastic (tangential but relevant https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Shkreli#Daraprim_price-...)