BorgBackup has most of what you're looking for, though it doesn't implement CDC and doesn't replicate the files as-is in the backup location (instead using a compressed/deduped/chunked storage format)
For single system backups I've switched to using restic and it's been pretty great. I don't trust Borg, a couple years ago I tried doing a recovery using it and ran into some unicode issue in, I believe, a filename, and I couldn't track down exactly what file it was or get any files backed up after that file in the archive. I ended up using another backup I had.
For my multiple backups to a backup host where I'm using rsync, restic really doesn't work (having 100+ systems backed up to the same destination).
For my multiple backups to a backup host where I'm using rsync, restic really doesn't work (having 100+ systems backed up to the same destination).