It is the media as a whole. It isn't accurate to insist that it's only Fox News promoting misinformation about election fraud or HCQ, in the face of MSNBC promoting misinformation about the mortality of COVID, or promoting misinformation about hydroxychloroquine, or CNN promoting misinformation about BLM riots, or both of them promoting misinformation about Russian active measures, etc., or vice versa. It is emphatically all media. To say otherwise is just engaging in partisan flamewar.
With regard to HCQ, the evidence supporting its use was from small scale studies and not reproducible (hence why Fox News's take was misinformation); however, there was evidence that it improved survivability, especially in some less-developed countries, so saying "no evidence" or even "bogus" like MSNBC did was also misinformation.
(Personal theory: Comorbodity of COVID and other conditions HCQ is effective against was a confounding factor in less-developed countries; and the remaining delta is due to HCQ's immunosuppressant qualities calming the cytokine storm.)
A comment chain here will not reconcile the bubble realities. I disagree strongly with your comment, as you seem to with mine. It’s not going to go anywhere from here.
I think it's more than fair to blame the media, which has had centuries to build up their reputation and credibility. They were incapable of preserving public trust during a national crisis. They have all the advantages over individuals or fringe organizations. We aren't talking about a few thousand people that got indoctrinated into a cult, we are talking about millions of people, some highly educated, who turned away from the mainstream media altogether.
With regard to HCQ, the evidence supporting its use was from small scale studies and not reproducible (hence why Fox News's take was misinformation); however, there was evidence that it improved survivability, especially in some less-developed countries, so saying "no evidence" or even "bogus" like MSNBC did was also misinformation.
(Personal theory: Comorbodity of COVID and other conditions HCQ is effective against was a confounding factor in less-developed countries; and the remaining delta is due to HCQ's immunosuppressant qualities calming the cytokine storm.)