He wasn’t himself guillotined but for awhile there was confusion that he was: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph-Ignace_Guillotin
It’s locked otherwise I’d add it.
Another good one is the Soviet botanists who collected seeds and then starved to death refusing to eat them. I could see that can count: https://www.opindia.com/2022/01/the-siege-of-leningrad-russi...