[yboris]

Have you ever heard of GiveWell? https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities

You are concerned about people thinking that dumping clothes in sub-Saharan Africa is "effective". I strongly doubt that any Effective Altruists think this is a worthy cause to support or promote.

Some of the questions you ask sound like you would enjoy joining in on Effective Altruism discussions -- it's a welcoming community: read some blog posts first and then start sharing your thoughts: https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/

You say 10% is "no different than a tithe". I'm unsure where you're going with it, but I recommend you give 10% of your income to cost-effective charities (ones you pick in good faith after doing diligent research). I've been giving for over 10 years now.