I'm a fraid I have more niche tech interests, so I'm unable to advise on sources similar to the ones you indicated. However, an effective discovery tool I ordinarily use is to browse the archives of the blogs of interesting stories shared here on HN.
For instance, Tim Urban‘s Wait But Why blog and the Lex Friedman podcast go into the direction I am looking for.
I wonder if there is any „hub“, social network or community similar to HN that one should be aware of.