[tyingq]

Encoding was one example. But "string" is language dependent aside from encoding. Strong typing doesn't solve the inherent issue.

[teddyh]

Strong typing never “solved” anything, except that is forces you to see the problem and solve it yourself, explicitly, instead of relying on weak typing to fudge the types for you.

[tyingq]

Maybe. Ambiguity means some random bags of bytes pass as more than one type.

[teddyh]

And the "Any" type covereth a multitude of sins.