[cr1895]

>I'd like to get a specific example of something economically useful that the Jones Act forbids.

The Jones Act obliges some pretty absurd contortions and workarounds to construct offshore wind, of which many many gigawatts are planned to be built in the future off the coasts of the US. This directly increases risk, cost, complexity, and uncertainty compared to offshore wind development in other countries.

The highly specialized vessels which are capable to do this work are in very limited supply globally, and exceedingly few are (or will be) US-flagged and JA compliant. These are the heavy crane vessels, jack up vessels, precision rock placement vessels, cable lay vessels, etc of which practically nothing suitable exists in the US-flagged fleet. Some US vessels are being built (Dominion’s turbine installation jack-up or GLDD’s fall pipe vessel), however, these are absolutely insufficient on their own, and vastly more expensive (and uncompetitive elsewhere) compared to the rest of the global fleet.